99621 Chinese Diagnostic System 2
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Subject handbook information prior to 2024 is available in the Archives.
Credit points: 6 cp
Result type: Grade and marks
Requisite(s): 99618 Chinese Diagnostic System 1
Description
This subject constitutes a large component of the essential skills and knowledge required for traditional Chinese diagnosis. The subject and workshops underpin the clinical experiences of the student and the differentiation of disease states. This subject hones the essential skills and knowledge of internal (zangfu) and external pathogen diagnostics. Students are expected to work closely together on group tasks within Canvas and in class time to practise and develop their clinical reasoning and diagnostic skills.
Subject learning objectives (SLOs)
Upon successful completion of this subject students should be able to:
| 1. | Apply appropriate interpersonal and professional communication skills to the clinical encounter, and apply academic information literacy skills to investigate Chinese medicine disciplinary sources on Internal Injury, Cold Damage and Warm Diseases systems of pattern identification and methods of treatment. |
|---|---|
| 2. | Apply theoretical information to case-based problem-solving, and practice professional skills, including diagnostic reasoning, teamwork, and written and online communication skills, to the interpretation of clinical evidence. |
| 3. | Analyse and interpret diagnostic information, gathered using the four methods, to identify the clinical significance of signs and symptoms and differentiate illness patterns. |
| 4. | Explain the aetiologies, transmission and patho-mechanisms of the main internal (organ) illness patterns, and external pathogen (six stages, four aspects, and three burners) illness patterns. |
| 5. | Analyse the similarities and differences between internal and external diagnostic systems, patho-mechanisms and treatment strategies, and apply the internal organs (zangfu), six stages (liu jing), four aspects (wei-qi-ying-xue) and three burners (san jiao). |
| 6. | Formulate diagnoses, treatment principles and treatment plans, specify acupuncture and herbal prescriptions for individual cases and according to the illness patterns identified, and justify how the prescriptions and treatment methods achieve the principles of treatment. |
Course intended learning outcomes (CILOs)
This subject also contributes specifically to the development of following course intended learning outcomes:
- Analyse: Contextualize knowledge in clinical practice, including an integrated biomedical and Chinese medical understanding of pharmacology, human physiology, pathophysiology and differential diagnosis to inform health management strategies, as well as treatment construction and delivery. (1.2)
- Synthesise: Integrate information and data to inform health care delivery and monitor outcomes to support patients and the community. (1.3)
- Apply: Develop effective problem-focused assessment skills to differentiate diseases and patterns, and apply clinical reasoning to make diagnostic and therapeutic judgements. (2.1)
- Analyse: Evaluate and critically assess research from clinical trials to cultivate an informed, evidence-based approach to clinical practice. (2.2)
- Apply: Demonstrate the integration and application of professional health care knowledge and clinical skills to safely and ethically practise Chinese medicine. (3.1)
- Analyse: Investigate and evaluate clinical experience and research to reflect on and enhance your clinical practice. (4.2)
Contribution to the development of graduate attributes
1. Disciplinary knowledge
New disciplinary information is learned in this subject under the modules of visceral systems pattern identification and external pathogen pattern identification.
2. Research, Inquiry and Critical Thinking
Through the online and in-class clinical scenarios, you will develop and evaluate problem solving and critical thinking skills and team work. In class tasks develop your critical thinking and reflection, analysis and teamwork.
3. Professional, Ethical and Social Responsibility
The practice of Chinese medicine diagnostic skills is applied to clinical case scenarios that cover two diagnostic systems (the internal and external patterns systems). In-class group encounters facilitate the acquisition of professional knowledge and skills; and through group clinical diagnosis sessions and tasks you will gain insight into the practitioner’s difficulties with interpreting patient initiated information, and an empathetic view from the patient’s perspective.
4. Reflection, Innovation, Creativity
Though online and in-class learning activities, you will develop clinical diagnostic skills and reflective practice by seeking and responding to feedback to improve practice and enhance professional competence. Class activities and assessments practice clinical reasoning, judgements and decisions based on available evidence and an informed, evidence-based approach.
5. Communication
Extensive practice with online and in-class problem solving discussion and feedback, the timely submission of online and in-class tasks, role-play diagnostic interviews and written reports all contribute to your development of teamwork, written and interpersonal communication skills.
Teaching and learning strategies
The subject content is presented via a series of online lectures, workshops, a weekly tutorial, online materials and activities through which we place a strong emphasis on pre-class preparation for weekly clinical application of disciplinary knowledge. For the weekly learning activities you will be asked to view learning materials on the lecture topics before class in order to prepare tutorial quiz questions.
Online you will work individually and in groups to
- develop and test your diagnostic skills using the series of weekly tutorials. Each week there will be a new set of readings that align with the lecture topics for that week. You will use the breakout groups to respond to preset tutorial questions for the readingsin groups.
- As well, you will be undertaking a clinical reasoning activity where you will act both as a practitioner as well as develop a patient case study. You will present online using zoom the activity which will be watched by your fellow class members.These are group activities and interaction with your peers will enhance your understanding of the subject content.
The work we are asking you to do to prepare for your Chinese Diagnostic System 2 classes, and to revise and practice your new diagnostic knowledge and skills, is designed to maximise your learning potential and clinical practice ability.
Content (topics)
1. Internal organ pattern identification
Internal organ pattern identification (zangfu bian zheng) covers each of the zang and fu and their combined patterns. The material presented includes –
- Zangfu patterns and symptomatology, including the tongue and pulse
- Pattern origins (aetiologies) and patho-mechanisms
- Combined zangfu patterns
2. External pathogen pattern identification
The diagnostic systems associated with external pathogens pattern identification are
- the six stages (liujing bianzheng – six channel pattern identification)
- the four aspects (wei-qi-ying-xue), from the school of warm diseases pattern identification (wenbing bianzheng), and
- the triple burner pattern identification model (sanjiao bianzheng)
Assessment
Assessment task 1: Zang fu case study
| Intent: | Graduate attributes addressed: 1. Disciplinary knowledge 2. Research, Enquiry and Critical Thinking 5. Communication |
|---|---|
| Objective(s): | This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s): 1, 2 and 3 This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 |
| Type: | Case study |
| Groupwork: | Individual |
| Weight: | 30% |
| Criteria: | For your case report, you will be assessed on your: 1. Comprehensive collection of presenting signs and symptoms (diagnostic reasoning – patho-mechanisms), 2. application of your disciplinary knowledge and skilful analysis to identify illness patterns (diagnostic reasoning – accurate diagnosis), 3. construction of appropriate treatment responses that logically address the patterns (treatment methods and prescriptions- acupuncture and herbal), |
Assessment task 2: Clinical reasoning group sessions
| Intent: | Graduate attributes addressed: 1. Disciplinary knowledge 2. Research, Inquiry and Critical Thinking 3. Professional, Ethical and Social Responsibility |
|---|---|
| Objective(s): | This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and 3.1 |
| Type: | Presentation |
| Groupwork: | Group, individually assessed |
| Weight: | 30% |
| Criteria: | For your participation in the Clinical Reasoning sessions, you will be assessed on your
|
Assessment task 3: End of Semester examination
| Intent: | Graduate attributes addressed: 1. Disciplinary knowledge 2. Research, Inquiry and Critical Thinking 4. Reflection, Innovation, Creativity |
|---|---|
| Objective(s): | This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s): 1, 4, 5 and 6 This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s): 1.2, 2.1 and 4.2 |
| Type: | Examination |
| Groupwork: | Individual |
| Weight: | 40% |
| Criteria: | To pass the examination, you will be assessed on your
|
Minimum requirements
To successfully complete this subject you must attain at least 50 in your overall subject mark.
Any assessment task worth 40% or more requires the student to gain at least 40% of the mark for that task. If 40% is not reached in your end of semester exam, an X grade fail may be awarded for the subject, irrespective of an overall mark greater than 50.
NB All written assessment making use of published materials, should be properly referenced and include a properly completed references list.
Recommended texts
Deng, T.T. 1999, Practical Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine, trans. M. Ergil & S.M. Yi, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Wang, T.F. 2007, Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 2, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
References
Chen, P. 2004, Diagnosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Complementary Medicine Press, Taos, New Mexico.
Farquhar, J. 1994, Knowing Practice: The Clinical Encounter of Chinese Medicine, Westview Press, Boulder.
Garvey, M. 2015, A Clinical Guide to the Body in Chinese Medicine: History and Contemporary Practice, Paradigm Publications, http://www.redwingbooks.com/sku/BodChiMed-E
Gong, C.Z. & Liu, W. 2011, 'Acupuncture in Cold Febrile Diseases', International Journal of Clinical Acupuncture, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 122-32.
Gong, C.Z. & Liu, W. 2011, 'Acupuncture in Warm Febrile Diseases', International Journal of Clinical Acupuncture, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 157-68.
James, R., Kivity, O. & Zhang, D.B. 1994, Acupuncture Cases from China: a Digest of Difficult and Complicated Case Histories, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Jiao, S.D. 2006, Case Studies on Pattern Identification from the Personal Experience of Jiao Shu-De, trans. L. Kuchinski, Paradigm Publications, Taos.
Kaptchuk, T.J. & MacPherson, H. 1997, Acupuncture in Practice: Case History Insights from the West, Churchill Livingstone, New York.
Liu, G.H. 2001, Warm Diseases: A Clinical Guide, Eastland Press, Seattle.
Maciocia, G. 2004, Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine: A Comprehensive Guide, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
Maclean, W. & Lyttleton, J. 1998, Clinical Handbook of Internal Medicine: The Treatment of Disease with Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 1: Lung, Kidney, Liver, Heart, University of Western Sydney, Sydney.
Maclean, W. & Lyttleton, J. 2002, Clinical Handbook of Internal Medicine: The Treatment of Disease With Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 2: Spleen and Stomach, University of Western Sydney, Sydney.
Maclean, W. & Lyttleton, J. 2010, Clinical Handbook of Internal Medicine: The Treatment of Disease with Traditional Chinese Medicine, vol. 3: Qi, Blood, Fluid and Channel Disorders, Pangolin Press.
Mitchell, C., Feng, Y. & Wiseman, N. 1999, Shang Han Lun - On Cold Damage: Translation and Commentaries, Paradigm Publications, Brookline.
Qian, B.X. 2006, Qian Bo-Xuan Case Studies in Gynecology, trans. Z.G. Li and W.L. Ping, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
Qu, L. & Garvey, M. (eds) 2016, Anecdotes of Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Bilingual Extracurricular Reader for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Science and Technology Press, Shanghai.
Wang, H.C. & Zhu, B. 2011, Case Studies from the Medical Records of Leading chinese Acupuncture Experts, Singing Dragon, London.
Yan, S.L. & Li, Z.H. 2005, Pathomechanisms of the Heart: Xin Bing Zhi Bing Ji, trans. S.Wilms, vol. 1, Paradigm Publications, Taos.
Yan, S.L. & Li, Z.H. 2007, Pathomechanisms of the Liver: Gan Bing Zhi Bing Ji, trans. S.Wilms and Y. Wang, vol. 2, Paradigm Publications, Taos.
Yan, S.L. 2009, Pathomechanisms of the Spleen: Pi Bing Zhi Bing Ji, trans. S. Wilms, vol. 3, Paradigm Publications, Taos.
Yan, S.L. & Li, Z.H. 2011, Pathomechanisms of the Lung: Fei Bing Zhi Bing Ji, trans. S. Wilms, vol. 4, Paradigm Publications, Taos.
Yan, S.L. & Li, Z.H. 2012, Pathomechanisms of the Kidney: Shen Bing Zhi Bing Ji, trans. S. Wilms, vol. 5, Paradigm Press, Taos, New Mexico.
Young, G.J.D. & Marchment, R. 2009, Shang Han Lun Explained: A Guided Tour of an Ancient Classic Text Written By Zhang Zhong Jing in 200 AD and its Modern Clinical Applications, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, Sydney.
Yue, M.Z. 2007, Yue Mei-Zhong Collected Case Studies, trans. Z.G. Li, J. Wu & L.L. Chen, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
Zaslawski, C. 1997, 'The Clinical Reasoning Process of Traditional Chinese Medicine', European Journal of Oriental Medicine, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 8-14.
Zaslawski, C. 1997, 'Clinical Reasoning and Category Identification (Bian Zheng) in Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Implications for the Development of Educational Strategies', American Journal of Acupuncture, vol. 25, no. 2/3, pp. 153-60.
Zaslawski, C. 1998, 'Narrative Aspects of Clinical Reasoning in Acupuncture', Meeting Point, vol. 7, pp. 2-6.
Zhao X.W. 2008, Zhao Xi-Wu: Experience in Pattern Differentiation, trans B. Calvert, L.P. Wang and X.W. Zhao, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.