University of Technology Sydney

65006 Advanced Chemical Criminalistics

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Subject handbook information prior to 2024 is available in the Archives.

UTS: Science: Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Credit points: 8 cp
Result type: Grade and marks

Requisite(s): 65019 Foundations of Forensic Science AND 65009c Forensic Inference and Interpretation
The lower case 'c' after the subject code indicates that the subject is a corequisite. See definitions for details.
These requisites may not apply to students in certain courses.
There are course requisites for this subject. See access conditions.

Description

The forensic science discipline is built upon the analysis of traces, and just like any other scientific discipline, this analysis is broken down into fields of specialty. In chemical criminalistics the focus is on traces that primarily require chemical analysis in addition to forensic fundamental and reasoning skills. In this subject students are introduced to this forensic discipline on a foundational level, before they are then brought up to a higher level of forensic reasoning and challenged with the analysis and interpretation of a complex forensic case. The content is introduced through online modules that are accessible on Canvas, allowing the students to direct their own learning. These modules are then complemented by the practical and workshop program that first introduces key skills before asking the students to lead their own complex case. By the end of this subject, students are proficient at leading and triaging traces in an investigation, using analytical procedures, advanced forensic interpretation, and expert witness reporting.

Subject learning objectives (SLOs)

Upon successful completion of this subject students should be able to:

1. Use current forensic analytical procedures to accurately and effectively analyse traces
2. Formulate and test hypotheses about the source and activity that created a trace
3. Synthesise and communicate expert opinion and complex information to a wide range of audiences in a variety of formats
4. Interpret and evaluate complex traces in general and within the context of a complex case scenario
5. Demonstrate the utility and value of chemical traces and micro traces within modern forensic science

Course intended learning outcomes (CILOs)

This subject also contributes specifically to the development of following course intended learning outcomes:

  • Critically engage with the appraisal and application of advanced knowledge, technical skills and research principles relevant to professional practice in forensic science. (1.1)
  • Assess, argue for, and conduct appropriate approaches to complex forensic science problems through investigation, analysis and independent research in a relevant professional context. (2.1)
  • Develop and execute - individually or collaboratively - ethical, safe and sustainable work practices, accountable to stakeholder requirements in forensic science, locally and globally. (3.1)
  • Communicate complex ideas and justifications in a rigorous and professional manner using a variety of methods (oral, written, visual) to discipline experts, scientists, stakeholders, and the general public. (5.1)

Contribution to the development of graduate attributes

Advanced Chemical Criminalistics introduces the students to chemical analyses in the context of criminalistics and imparts the necessary skills required to work in a Chemical Criminalistics Unit or in field deployment dealing with forensic traces. It exposes the students to advanced concepts, methods and interpretation models that are key to the forensic science discipline. This subject will also provide the students with the opportunity to further their foundational skills, including communication and problem solving, within a professional forensic and legal context.

  1. 1. Disciplinary Knowledge

During the practicals you will get hands on experience analysing traces and using analytical techniques that are used in professional chemical criminalistics units (CCU). These practicals will be complemented by online modules that will introduce the foundational knowledge required. They will also be complemented by the workshops that will focus on guiding the students through the complex interpretation of traces. All the skills imparted during the practicals and the workshops, along with the knowledge introduced in the online modules will enable you to move into the workforce with a sturdy knowledge of the discipline along with strong analytical and interpretation skills.

2. Research, inquiry and critical thinking

Just like in the workforce, you will be required to run and manage your own complex case that will run for five weeks and will involve the analysis of a range of traces. You will form small teams that will handle specific trace types and will need to keep eachother updated on your progress. Throughout the case you will need to use your knowledge and the instrumentation along with individual independent research to provide an expert opinion on your provided traces and the case as a whole. Due to the complexity of this case there will be challenges that you must face that will involve different elements of problem solving, from determining the best analytical procedures and methods, to effectively triaging the evidence to ensure that no traces get damaged or lost. You will also have to form and test hypotheses throughout the entirety of the case. The workshop activities will complement the practical sessions and will expose you to complex data and interpretation to work through and present.

3. Professional, ethical and social responsibility

Throughout the course of the semester you will be working in labs that will mimic a professional environment. The first four practicals will provide you with guidance in regard to the analytical techniques and procedures, however, once you begin the major case you will have to manage your own time and will also have to manage the different group members. Just like in a real chemical criminalistics unit you will need to self-manage and monitor your own time and progress in the case. The teaching staff will act as supervisors and will ask for regular updates on your teams progress in the case.

5. Communication

One of the most important parts of the forensic scientists' role is to effectively communicate complex information and interpretation to a broad audience in plain English. During this subject you will be asked to communicate in a professional and accessible way both in a written and verbal form. During the workshops and practicals you will be expected to communicate professionally and effectively with both teaching staff and your fellow team members as you would in a real chemical criminalistics unit. This informal communication is an important skill to develop, especially when entering the workforce.

Based on the tasks completed in the practicals and the traces that you analysed you will also be asked to submit four skills reports, which will require you to communicate complex theoretical information about the analytical techniques, along with two expert witness reports. These reports will challenge you and you will be expected to communicate professionally and to a broad audience. The feedback that you receive throughout the session will enable you to perform at your best when creating these reports. In relation to your Major Case Assessment you will also be expected to create and submit a video presentation with your investigative team. In this presentation you will have to explain your case and all analyses and interpretation to a lay audience in a verbal fashion, which will allow you to gain experience in communicating complex information verbally.

Teaching and learning strategies

Online Learning:

The online content provided through Canvas will provide the students with the knowledge required to analyse traces that are commonly submitted to chemical criminalistic units. In order to facilitate a smooth transition into the workforce, the students will also learn the theory behind common chemical criminalistic examination procedures and instruments which they can then apply in the practical and workshop sessions. The online content will be a mix of online modules and lectures, that will introduce the concepts, and interactive online tools, which will allow the students to cement their knowledge and test themselves. There will also be some workshops that are presented in an online format. These modules and online tools can be accessed and revised at any time throughout the semester.

Workshops:

The interpretation of forensic traces can be a complex undertaking, so during the workshops the students will be guided through the analysis of traces, to assist in the development of their foundational knowledge. Accompanying the interpretation workshops there will be sessions that are focused on introducing traces that are an important part of chemical criminalistics, but that could not be covered during the practical sessions. This will give the students a more well-rounded view of chemical criminalistics and ensures that the students are exposed to all different elements of the profession. The workshop environment is used for these complex concepts to provide the students with a more supportive and collaborative class environment which will assist them in their understanding. Small workshop related assessment activities will be used to cement the concepts introduced during the workshops and to also provide another avenue of feedback to the students.

Practicals:

The practical sessions for Advanced Chemical Criminalistics allow the students to become familiar with analytical procedures commonly used in a chemical criminalistics unit within a collaborative and professional setting. At the start of the semester the students will be introduced to foundational analytical skills and techniques and, as the semester progresses, these skills will be built upon through the introduction of complex interpretation and problem-solving skills. Throughout these sessions the students will be actively learning in a collaborative environment with regular face-to-face informal feedback from teaching staff. The students will be required to submit short, low-stake assessments for each practical so they can gain practice and feedback on their presentation and discussion of results along with their general communication skills. During the second half of the semester the students will be given a complex case for them to work through. This case will involve multiple trace types and will require the students to think critically and manage their own analyses using the concepts introduced during the first four practicals. The students will be working in small groups and the tasks will be student-led with teaching and professional staff available to provide one-on-one and group support.

Content (topics)

  • Trace theory and analysis
  • Detection, collection and analysis of traces
  • Paint analysis
  • Glass analysis
  • Fibre Analysis
  • Miscellaneous microtraces
  • Document analysis
  • Firearms chemistry
  • Explosives chemistry
  • Fire scene chemistry
  • Forensic interpretation of traces

Assessment

Assessment task 1: Online Quizzes

Intent:

The following graduate attributes will be assessed

  1. 1. Disciplinary knowledge

  1. 2. Research, inquiry and critical thinking

Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s):

3 and 5

This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s):

1.1 and 2.1

Type: Quiz/test
Groupwork: Individual
Weight: 10%
Length:

N/A

Criteria:

Throughout the online modules, you will be introduced to a number of different theoretical concepts along with information regarding specific traces and the way they are analysed within forensic science. The two online quizzes will be marked based on:

  • Correct responses to a series of multiple-choice questions
  • The correct responses to scenario based short answer questions that will test your critical thinking and problem-solving ability within the context of chemical criminalistics

Assessment task 2: Trace Investigation and Practical Skills

Intent:

Following graduate attributes will assessed

  1. 1. Disciplinary Knowledge

  1. 2. Research, inquiry and critical thinking

  1. 3. Professional, ethical and social responsibility

  1. 5. Communication

Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s):

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s):

1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1

Type: Laboratory/practical
Groupwork: Group, individually assessed
Weight: 30%
Length:

Skills reports: Less than three pages in length

Expert Witness Report 1: Expert certificate style report that is 3-4 pages in length

Criteria:

Skills Reports 1 to 4 will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Correctly apply analytical procedures in the laboratory
  • Explain complex scientific concepts and analytical procedures in plain English and to a range of audiences
  • Accurately and effectively present and explain the results of your analyses
  • Use appropriate and professional formatting, spelling and grammar

For expert witness report 1 you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Correctly apply analytical procedures in the laboratory
  • Explain complex scientific concepts and analytical procedures in plain English and to a range of audiences
  • Accurately and effectively present and explain the results of your analyses
  • Use appropriate and professional formatting, spelling and grammar
  • For expert witness report 1 you will be assessed on your ability to:
  • Correctly apply analytical procedures in the laboratory
  • Clearly communicate scientific information and your expert opinion in plain English
  • Accurately and effectively present, explain, interpret and discuss the results of your analyses
  • Identify and use reliable resources to research and further inform your expert opinion and to enhance your interpretation
  • Use appropriate and professional formatting, spelling and grammar

Assessment task 3: Workshop Activities

Intent:

The following graduate attributes will be assessed

  1. 1. Disciplinary Knowledge

  1. 2. Research, inquiry and critical thinking

  1. 3. Professional, ethical and social responsibility

  1. 5. Communication

Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s):

1, 2, 4 and 5

This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s):

1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1

Type: Exercises
Groupwork: Group, group and individually assessed
Weight: 20%
Criteria:

Writing instruments and TLC

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Apply theoretical information to correctly identify different writing instruments commonly encountered in document analysis
  • Communicate and justify your reasoning for your identifications using background knowledge and independent research

GRIM, MSP and FTIR interpretation

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Correctly interpret the results of a GRIM, MSP and FTIR analysis
  • Communicate your results and your interpretation in plain English to a broad audience
  • Identify reliable resources and research that can be used to build a forensic interpretation and evaluation

Fibre analysis

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Function as a cohesive team to logically and efficiently progress through a theoretical fibre analysis workflow.
  • Correctly identify types of fibres based on analytical results and professionally justify these identifications using background knowledge and research
  • Professionally communicate your findings to a broad audience in plain English

Dust, pollen and GSR

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Use provided background knowledge to correctly identify key components of dust, pollen and GSR analysis
  • Professionally communicate your findings to a broad audience in plain English

Accelerant and explosive analysis interpretation

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Correctly analyse results from techniques commonly used in the chemical analysis of accelerants and explosives
  • Professionally present the results of your analyses and your interpretation to a broad audience in plain English

The analysis of unknowns

Criteria: In this workshop you will be assessed on your ability to:

  • Work cohesively as a professional team to work through a theoretical analysis of an unknown material
  • Use critical thinking and logical reasoning to analyse and interpret results and to use these results to inform what analytical procedure should be used next
  • Professionally present the results of your analyses along with your interpretation and identification of the unknown substance to a broad audience in plain English

Assessment task 4: Complex Case Investigation

Intent:

The following graduate attributes will be assessed

1. Disciplinary Knowledge

2. Research, inquiry and critical thinking

3. Professional, ethical and social responsibility

5. Communication

Objective(s):

This assessment task addresses subject learning objective(s):

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

This assessment task contributes to the development of course intended learning outcome(s):

1.1, 2.1, 3.1 and 5.1

Type: Report
Groupwork: Group, group and individually assessed
Weight: 40%
Criteria:

You will be assessed on your ability to:

Individual case file:

  • Correctly select and use analytical procedures in the laboratory
  • Adhere to proper forensic procedure and protocol
  • Clearly communicate scientific information and your expert opinion in plain English
  • Accurately and effectively present, explain, interpret and discuss the results of your analyses
  • Identify and use reliable resources to research and further inform your expert opinion and to enhance your interpretation
  • Use appropriate and professional formatting, spelling, grammar referencing
  • Keep contemporaneous and accurate forensic documentation, including case notes and any other relevant documentation

Group video presentation:

  • Clearly communicate and explain your results and interpretation in plain English in a verbal format
  • Use visual aids effectively to assist in the explanation behind complex scientific and forensic concepts
  • Work together as a cohesive team to bring together your individual results and analyses to provide a clear and logical interpretation of your case as a whole
  • Use reliable resources and research to support and assist in your interpretation of your complex case
  • Use appropriate and professional formatting, spelling, grammar and referencing in your presentation slides

Minimum requirements

Students are required to attend the practical sessions and all face to face workshops unless special circumstances can be demonstrated. The activities during these sessions are directly linked to assessment tasks.

Any assessment task worth 40% or more requires the student to gain at least 40% of the mark for that task. If 40% is not reached, an X grade fail may be awarded for the subject irrespective of an overall mark greater than 50%.